求賓語從句講解【復習目標】
▲掌握賓語從句的語序 。▲掌握引導賓語從句的各種連詞 。
▲掌握賓語從句中,主句與從句在時態上的相互呼應 。
【課前準備】要求學生回顧賓語從句的概念及其用法,并用各種引導詞各造一個句子 。
【知識要點】
1.賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語,從句放在主句之后 , 前后不用逗號分開 。
2.引導賓語從句的詞有:
連詞that(在口語中that常可省略) , if, whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
連接代詞who, whom, which等,如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
連接副詞when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情況下兩者可以換用,但在介詞之后,
不定式之前,與or not連用,在句首或在引導表語從句,同位語從句時,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.賓語從句要用陳述句語序 。
5.賓語從句一定要注意時態呼應,即:當主句謂語動詞是過去式時,從句中謂語動
詞也要用過去范疇的時態,但若從句陳述的是真理或客觀規律,其謂語的時態仍用一般現在時,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
6.一個賓語從句只能用一個連詞 。
7.當主句謂語動詞是think, believe等動詞時,賓語從句的否定意義要放到主句中 。另外,當主句主語為第一人稱時,后面若接附加疑問句,那么附加疑問句的主語、謂語應與從句中的主謂語保持一致 。如:
I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
8.直接引語和間接引語也是賓語從句,直接引語是引述別人的原話,放在引號內,
不用連詞聯接;間接引語是用自己的話轉述別人的話,通常用連接詞與主句聯接 。
(1)陳述句變為以that引導的賓語從句,如:
He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.
(2)一般疑問句變為if(whether)引導的賓語從句,如:
He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”
---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.
(3)特殊疑問句變為由who, what, where, how等疑問詞(連接代詞或連接副詞)引導的賓語從句,如:
He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”
---He asked me where Mr Wang was.
注意上述例句中連詞、時態、語序等變化 。
如何講解賓語從句?讓學生容易掌握 。賓語從句=賓語 , 因為一個單詞代替或表達不了原本要表達的意思,所以要用一個從句來代替所以這個從句就叫賓語從句 。顧名思義!
1我愛你你就是賓語 I love you.you 就是賓語
2我不知道(誰打破了窗戶) I didnot know who broke the window.我不知道....因為知道這里及物動詞,要跟賓語的,但沒有一個單詞是這樣的意思,所以who broke the window=上句話里抽的賓語YOU.
或許你看到這樣的句子有不明白了,
I do not care for who will win the game. 因為這里的介詞FOR 后面少了成份,而這個成份就是賓語,同時要表達的意思一個單詞搞不定,所以就要用賓語從句,叫介詞的賓語從句
同理:代替主語的叫語從主語從句 (what you said =主語)made me angry
代替表語的叫表語從句 the question is (who will win the game=表語) 問題是誰將獲勝
從句在句中代替什么成份的就是什么從句
定語從句可能有些不同,但大部分是相同的!概念清晰了,什么就會了!
我碰到了(我三年前愛過的)女孩 , I met a girl (who was loved by me 3years ago).
明白了嗎?顧名思義 , 從句代替什么,它就是什么從句!恒古不變
怎樣講解較基礎的賓語從句賓語從句與中考試題
學習賓語從句并不難 , 只要你能過好下面的三道關:
第一關,選好連接詞(也有人叫關聯詞) 。
引導賓語從句的連接詞,課本上寫有三類 , 但從學習的角度看分為四類更為實用 。
1.連詞that:只起連接作用 , 在從句中不作句子成分,也無詞匯意義,在口語中或非正式文體中常被省略 。例如: 1)He knew(that)he should work hard.
2)I am glad(that)you've passed the exam.
2.連詞whether或if:它們起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,口語中多用if 。例如: 3)Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning?
4)Tom didn't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.
作“是否”解的if和whether在具體用法上差別較大,同學們不易掌握 。在賓語從句中用whether沒有用if時受到那么多限制 。例如:
5)He asked me whether or not I was coming.他問我是否要來 。(該句中的whether不能換成if,因為if不能與or連用 。)
3.連接代詞who , whom,whose,what,which:它們起連接作用,作句子成分,各有其自己的意義 。例如:
6)The teacher asked the new student which class he was in?(武漢市)(which引導賓語從句,在從句中作定語,修飾class,意為“哪個” 。)
7)Can you tell me whom he is waiting for?(天津市)
4.連接副詞when , where,why,how:起連接作用,分別作時間、地點、原因、方式狀語,各有其自己的意義 。例如:
8)I wonder where he got so much money.對他從哪里弄到那么多錢我感到疑惑 。(where在從句中作地點狀語,修飾got,意為“哪里;什么地方” 。)
9)He didn't tell me how old his friend was.(四川?。╤ow引導賓語從句,作程度狀語,修飾old,意為“怎樣;如何”等意 。)
第二關,牢記賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序,即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其他” 。這里特別強調的是 , 它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述句的語序 , 不是疑問句的倒裝語序 。例如: 10)You must remember what your teacher said.
11)—Dad , do you know when the football game will start?
—In half an hour.(寧波市)
12)漢譯英:你能不能告訴我,我們去看望誰?
誤:Can you tell me who(m)do we have to see?
正:Can you tell me who(m)we have to see?
錯句的錯誤出在賓語從句中誤用了疑問句的結構——主語前加了個助動詞do 。因為我們已經習慣了特殊疑問句 , 如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris?就順口說出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris?”這種錯誤句子來 。但是一旦我們注意了,我們不久就習慣于說“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris?”了 。
第三關,注意時態的呼應 。賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態 , 常常受主句謂語時態的制約,這種現象稱為“時態的呼應” 。例如:
13)漢譯英:我原以為你今天有空的 。誤:I thought(that)you are free today.
正:I thought(that)you would be free today.
錯句中賓語從句用are很可能是因為有 today,但因為主句謂語是thought,所以從句謂語就該用過去將來時would be了 。
這種時態的呼應,如果主句謂語是現在時或將來時,賓語從句的謂語時態不受限制,如上述例句2),3),7),8),10),11),12) 。如果主句時態是過去時,賓語從句一般要隨著改為相應的過去時(即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等) 。例如: 14)He thought he was working for the people.
15)I heard she had been to the Great W all.
16)John hoped that he would find a job soon.
但賓語從句如果表示定理法則、永恒真理等,則不變化:
17)The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
鞏固與檢測請做下列2002年中考題:
1.In the bookshop , a reader asked the shop keeper _____Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.(北京市東城區)
A.that B.how C.what D.if
2.—I don't know _____ Mr.Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English.(杭州市)
A.why B.when C.how D.where
3.—We never know _____ the old m an is. —They say he is a teacher. A.what B.who C.which D.where
4.I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A.that how B.how that C.when that D.that when
5.—Do you know _____ ?I'm going to see him. —Sorry , I don't know.(北京市海淀區) A.where does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li live
C.where Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li lived
6.—W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer?
—Sorry,I have no idea.(南京市)
A./;bought B.has;bought C.did;buy D.does;buy
7.I don't feel very well.Mum asked me _____this morning.(重慶市)
A. what the matter is B.what is wrong
C.what the matter was D.what wrong was
8.—Where is Jack?
—He is away to spend his holiday.He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan,but I'm not sure _____ .(南昌市)
A.that B.which C.where D.there
Key: 賓語從句與中考試題 1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C
英語賓語從句麻煩講解一下賓語從句是什么,該怎么用1.賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語,從句放在主句之后,前后不用逗號分開 。
2.引導賓語從句的詞有:
連詞that(在口語中that常可省略),if, whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
連接代詞who, whom, which等 , 如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
連接副詞when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思 , 一般情況下兩者可以換用,但在介詞之后,
不定式之前,與or not連用,在句首或在引導表語從句,同位語從句時,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.賓語從句要用陳述句語序 。
5.賓語從句一定要注意時態呼應 , 即:當主句謂語動詞是過去式時,從句中謂語動
詞也要用過去范疇的時態 , 但若從句陳述的是真理或客觀規律,其謂語的時態仍用一般現在時,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
6.一個賓語從句只能用一個連詞 。
7.當主句謂語動詞是think, believe等動詞時 , 賓語從句的否定意義要放到主句中 。另外 , 當主句主語為第一人稱時,后面若接附加疑問句,那么附加疑問句的主語、謂語應與從句中的主謂語保持一致 。如:
I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
8.直接引語和間接引語也是賓語從句,直接引語是引述別人的原話,放在引號內,
不用連詞聯接;間接引語是用自己的話轉述別人的話 , 通常用連接詞與主句聯接 。
(1)陳述句變為以that引導的賓語從句,如:
He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.
(2)一般疑問句變為if(whether)引導的賓語從句,如:
He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”
---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.
(3)特殊疑問句變為由who, what, where, how等疑問詞(連接代詞或連接副詞)引導的賓語從句,如:
He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”
---He asked me where Mr Wang was.
賓語從句講解初一賓語從句就是一個完整的句子作為主句的賓語(可以是動詞的賓語或介詞賓語)成分 。
英語賓語從句,希望有講解,有一點沒弄懂,就是cou...標準答案:
賓語從句要用陳述句語序:即 連接詞 +主語+謂語動詞部分 。
常用的連接詞:what/ when/ which/ how/ where/ why/ how many.../ who/ whose......
如:He didn't tell me how old he was.
i know where you live.
Can you tell me what you will do in the future? (注意:主語是疑問句,跟從句沒關系)更多擴展補充
擴展
謂語動詞是什么
補充
謂語動詞就是這個句子里的動詞部分 。
擴展
【賓語從句的講解_英語賓語從句,希望有講解,有一點沒弄懂,就是cou...】could 和be的順序是怎樣的
補充
could是can的過去式,在賓語從句里這樣用:
He didn't know how he could work it out at that time.
be有am/ is /are 和was /were形式,在從句里都放在主語之后:
i know you are a good boy.
i don't know where he was last week.
擴展
could和be不會同時出現嗎
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